Table of Contents

Caffeine and Calcium: Effects on Body

Takeaways

  • Caffeine can interfere with calcium absorption
  • Timing matters when consuming caffeine and calcium
  • Moderate caffeine intake is unlikely to harm bone health
  • Calcium needs vary by age and life stage
  • Balanced diet and lifestyle support bone health
  • Individual responses to caffeine and calcium differ

Understanding Caffeine and Calcium

Caffeine and calcium are both common in our diets, yet each has a unique function. Caffeine is known for increasing alertness and energy, while calcium is essential for developing strong bones and teeth.[1] Understanding how these two interact is important for our overall health.

Caffeine, a stimulant, is found in coffee, tea, and some soft drinks. It affects the nervous system, increasing alertness.[2] Many people use caffeine daily to help them feel awake and stay focused.

Calcium, a mineral vital for bone health, also supports muscle function and nerve communication.[3] Dairy products, leafy green vegetables, and fortified foods are common sources of dietary calcium.

The interaction between caffeine and calcium is complex. Learning how they affect each other can help us make informed food choices. This is especially important for maintaining healthy bones and overall wellness.

Caffeine: The Energizing Compound

What is Caffeine?

Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee beans, tea leaves, and cacao. It works by blocking adenosine, a brain chemical that promotes sleepiness.[4] This action leads to increased alertness and a feeling of having more energy.

People consume caffeine from various sources. Coffee is a very common one, along with tea, energy drinks, and certain sodas. Even small amounts of caffeine can be found in chocolate.[5]

The way caffeine affects someone varies considerably. Some people may feel energized after just one cup of coffee. Others might require more to experience the same effect. Genetics and how frequently you use it play roles in its impact.

Caffeine Consumption Worldwide

Caffeine is the most widely used psychoactive substance in the world. In the U.S., over 80% of adults consume caffeine daily.[6] Coffee is the primary source in many Western countries, while tea is more common in many Asian nations.

Cultural practices greatly influence caffeine consumption. In Italy, espresso is a daily ritual. The British have their afternoon tea. Americans frequently drink coffee on the go. These customs are often connected to long-standing traditions.

Beverage Typical Caffeine Content (mg per 8 oz)
Coffee 95-200
Black Tea 14-70
Green Tea 24-45
Cola 24-46
Energy Drink 27-164

This table shows estimated caffeine content for common sources. The range is due to differences in brewing methods and brand variations. Knowing typical caffeine levels can help you manage your intake.

Calcium: The Bone-Building Mineral

Calcium’s Role in the Body

Calcium’s roles go beyond strong bones. It helps muscles contract, assists with nerve communication, aids in blood clotting and plays a role in hormone release. Our body needs enough calcium to function correctly.

The daily calcium requirement changes based on age. Adults typically need between 1000 and 1200 mg each day.[7] Teenagers, older adults, and pregnant women often need even more.

Not getting enough calcium can lead to health problems. Short-term, this might mean muscle cramps. Long term, calcium deficiency can cause osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and increases fracture risk.[8]

Dietary Sources of Calcium

Many different foods provide calcium. Dairy products like milk, yogurt, and cheese are rich sources. Leafy green vegetables, fortified foods, and some types of fish also provide calcium.

Top calcium sources include:

  • Dairy products
  • Leafy green vegetables
  • Fortified plant milks
  • Canned fish with bones
  • Tofu processed with calcium sulfate

Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption.[9] Our bodies produce vitamin D when exposed to sunlight. We can also get it from fatty fish, egg yolks, and foods fortified with the vitamin.

Eating a variety of foods rich in calcium can help meet daily needs. If it’s difficult to get enough calcium through food, supplements may be helpful. Consult a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement.

The Caffeine-Calcium Connection

How Caffeine Affects Calcium Absorption

Caffeine can affect calcium absorption by increasing how much calcium is removed through urine. While this effect is small, it can add up over time.[10] Studies suggest a loss of about 6 mg of calcium per 100 mg of caffeine.[11]

The extent to which caffeine affects calcium varies. Factors like age, diet, and overall health play a role. Regular coffee drinkers might develop a tolerance to caffeine, potentially lessening its effect on calcium loss.[12]

Caffeine’s effect on calcium absorption is often more noticeable in older adults. Their bodies may not absorb calcium as efficiently, and caffeine can further hinder this process. This makes balanced nutrition essential for older individuals.

Bone Health Implications

The relationship between caffeine and bone health is complex. Some studies suggest that high caffeine intake might increase fracture risk, while others show no significant impact. Overall diet and lifestyle choices often play a determining role.

One study on postmenopausal women showed that those who consumed more than 300 mg of caffeine daily had lower bone density. However, this was primarily seen in women who also had low calcium intake.[13]

It’s important to consider the whole picture when looking at caffeine’s impact on bone health. A balanced diet, rich in calcium and vitamin D, can counteract potential negative effects. Regular exercise, particularly weight-bearing activities, also helps maintain bone health.

Balancing Caffeine and Calcium Intake

Optimal Timing

The timing of caffeine and calcium intake can optimize absorption. Caffeine’s effects on calcium last several hours, so experts recommend waiting at least an hour between consuming caffeine and calcium-rich foods.[14]

The body absorbs calcium more efficiently when taken in smaller doses throughout the day. Large amounts at once are less effective.[15] Spacing calcium intake across meals and snacks can improve absorption.

Steps to maximize calcium absorption while enjoying caffeine:

  1. Start your day with a calcium-rich breakfast
  2. Wait an hour before having your morning coffee
  3. Include calcium sources in your lunch and dinner
  4. Have your last caffeinated drink at least 3 hours before bed
  5. Consider a small calcium-rich snack before sleep

These strategies can help you balance caffeine and calcium intake. Consistency is more important than achieving perfection all the time.

Recommended Daily Limits

Moderate caffeine consumption is generally safe for most adults. The FDA suggests limiting intake to 400 mg per day, which is about 4-5 cups of coffee.[16] Pregnant women should consult their doctors about appropriate caffeine levels.[17]

Calcium recommendations vary by age and gender. Adults generally need between 1000-1200 mg daily.[18] Teenagers and older adults often require more. It’s usually best to get calcium from food sources when possible.

Food Pairing Caffeine (mg) Calcium (mg)
Coffee + Milk 95 100
Green Tea + Tofu 30 250
Cola + Cheese 35 200

This table shows the caffeine and calcium content of common food pairings. It’s useful to see how different combinations contribute to your daily intake of each.

Special Considerations

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Pregnancy changes nutrient needs, including calcium and caffeine. Calcium requirements increase to support the baby’s bone development. Most pregnant women need between 1000-1300 mg of calcium daily.[19]

Caffeine crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.[20] Therefore, experts suggest limiting caffeine during pregnancy and breastfeeding. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends no more than 200 mg of caffeine per day.[21]

Balancing caffeine and calcium intake during pregnancy is important. Prioritize calcium-rich foods. If you choose to consume caffeine, do so moderately. Always seek personalized advice from your healthcare provider.

Aging and Bone Health

Calcium needs shift as we age. After age 50, both men and women require more calcium. This higher need comes alongside decreased absorption efficiency. Older adults should aim for 1200 mg of calcium daily.[22]

Caffeine sensitivity can also change with age. Some older adults may feel the effects of caffeine more intensely. Others may need more caffeine to achieve the same boost. Pay attention to how your body reacts to caffeine.

Strategies for maintaining bone health in older adults include:

  • Eating calcium-rich foods at every meal
  • Getting enough vitamin D through diet or supplements
  • Engaging in weight-bearing exercises regularly
  • Limiting caffeine intake, especially close to bedtime
  • Considering calcium supplements if diet alone isn’t enough

These strategies help support bone health as we age. It’s never too late to start taking care of your bones.

Myths and Misconceptions

Many common myths surround caffeine and calcium. Let’s address some of these misconceptions. Accurate information helps us make better dietary choices.

Some popular myths debunked:

  • Caffeine causes osteoporosis: Not true in moderate amounts
  • All calcium supplements are the same: They vary in absorption rates
  • Drinking milk cancels out caffeine’s effects: Timing still matters
  • You can’t get enough calcium without dairy: Many non-dairy sources exist
  • One cup of coffee removes all calcium from your body: The effect is much smaller

It’s important to be critical when evaluating nutrition information. Not every source is equally trustworthy. Look for information backed by scientific studies. When unsure, consult a registered dietitian or healthcare provider.

Practical Tips for Coexistence

Caffeine Alternatives

If you’re looking to reduce caffeine, there are alternatives. These options can provide energy without impacting calcium absorption. Some people actually prefer these alternatives after trying them.

Caffeine-free beverages that can replace coffee or tea:

  • Herbal teas (like chamomile or peppermint)
  • Golden milk (made with turmeric)
  • Chicory root “coffee”
  • Rooibos tea
  • Sparkling water with fruit

Reducing caffeine intake gradually often works best. Stopping suddenly can cause withdrawal symptoms. Try replacing one caffeinated drink daily with an alternative. Increase the replacements over time.

Calcium Supplementation

Sometimes, getting enough calcium from diet alone is difficult. In these situations, supplements might help. Calcium supplements come in various forms, each with different absorption rates and potential side effects.

Common types of calcium supplements include calcium carbonate and calcium citrate.[23] Calcium carbonate is less expensive, but requires stomach acid for absorption. Calcium citrate is more easily absorbed, but usually costs more.[24]

Potential side effects of calcium supplements include constipation and bloating.[25] Some studies suggest a link between calcium supplements and heart disease risk. However, this connection is not fully understood. Always discuss supplement use with a healthcare provider.

The Future of Caffeine and Calcium Research

Research on caffeine and calcium is constantly evolving. Scientists are exploring how these substances interact in different populations. They’re also studying the long-term effects on bone health and overall wellness.

Current gaps in understanding include:

  • How genetic differences affect caffeine metabolism and calcium absorption
  • The impact of caffeine on bone health in adolescents
  • Long-term effects of high caffeine intake on osteoporosis risk
  • Optimal timing for caffeine and calcium consumption

Ongoing studies may help establish clearer guidelines for caffeine and calcium intake. These findings could lead to more personalized nutrition recommendations. As the research progresses, we will better understand how to balance these vital dietary components.

FAQ

How long after drinking coffee should I wait to take calcium supplements?
Wait at least an hour after drinking coffee before taking calcium supplements.[26] This timing helps minimize caffeine’s impact on calcium absorption.

Does decaf coffee affect calcium absorption?
Decaf coffee has a much smaller effect on calcium absorption than regular coffee. However, it may still have a slight impact due to other compounds in coffee.[27]

Can I drink milk in my coffee without worrying about calcium loss?
Adding milk to coffee provides calcium, but timing still matters. Try to have additional calcium sources at other times during the day for optimal absorption.

Are there any benefits to combining caffeine and calcium?
There’s no direct benefit to combining caffeine and calcium. However, enjoying coffee with milk can be part of a balanced diet when consumed in moderation.

How much caffeine is too much for someone with osteoporosis?
People with osteoporosis should limit caffeine intake to 300 mg per day or less.[28] It’s best to consult a healthcare provider for personalized advice.

Does the type of calcium supplement matter when considering caffeine intake?
Yes, the type of supplement can matter. Calcium citrate is less affected by caffeine than calcium carbonate.[29] Discuss the best option with your healthcare provider.

Fact Check
Claim: Caffeine is known for increasing alertness and energy, while calcium is essential for developing strong bones and teeth.
Fact check: True. Caffeine is a stimulant that increases alertness and calcium is essential for bone health.

Caffeine is a stimulant that acts on the central nervous system to increase alertness. Calcium is a vital mineral for bone health.

Claim: Caffeine, a stimulant, is found in coffee, tea, and some soft drinks. It affects the nervous system, increasing alertness.
Fact check: True. Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee, tea, and some soft drinks, and it affects the nervous system to increase alertness.

Caffeine is a stimulant that works by blocking adenosine, a neurotransmitter that promotes sleepiness, leading to increased alertness. This effect is mediated by the central nervous system.

Source: “Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1356551/

Claim: Calcium, a mineral vital for bone health, also supports muscle function and nerve communication.
Fact check: True. Calcium is vital for bone health and supports muscle function and nerve communication.

Calcium is crucial for bone mineralization, muscle contraction, nerve impulse transmission, and blood clotting.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Caffeine is a natural stimulant found in coffee beans, tea leaves, and cacao. It works by blocking adenosine, a brain chemical that promotes sleepiness.
Fact check: True. Caffeine acts as an adenosine antagonist.

Caffeine is a methylxanthine that competitively binds to adenosine receptors in the central nervous system, blocking adenosine’s sleep-promoting effects.

Source: “Caffeine and the central nervous system: mechanisms of action, biochemical, metabolic and psychostimulant effects” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1356551/

Claim: Coffee is a very common one, along with tea, energy drinks, and certain sodas. Even small amounts of caffeine can be found in chocolate.
Fact check: True. Caffeine is present in these sources.

Caffeine is commonly found in coffee, tea, energy drinks, sodas, and chocolate.

Claim: In the U.S., over 80% of adults consume caffeine daily.
Fact check: Likely True. Studies show high rates of caffeine consumption in US adults.

Data suggests over 80% of adults in the US consume caffeine daily. The primary source is typically coffee.

Source: “Preconception caffeine metabolites, caffeinated beverage intake, and fecundability” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8970989/

Claim: The daily calcium requirement changes based on age. Adults typically need between 1000 and 1200 mg each day.
Fact check: True. Daily calcium requirements vary by age; adults typically need between 1000-1200mg daily.

The recommended daily allowance of calcium varies by age and other factors. Adults typically need 1000-1200 mg daily, with higher amounts needed for teenagers, older adults, and pregnant women.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Short-term, this might mean muscle cramps. Long term, calcium deficiency can cause osteoporosis, a condition that weakens bones and increases fracture risk.
Fact check: True. Short term calcium deficiency can cause cramps. Long term can cause osteoporosis.

Short-term calcium deficiency symptoms include muscle cramps. Long-term deficiency is a risk factor for osteoporosis, leading to weakened bones and a higher risk of fractures.

Claim: Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption.
Fact check: True. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption.

Vitamin D is necessary for the intestines to absorb calcium efficiently. Deficiency in vitamin D can impair calcium absorption leading to health issues.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Caffeine can affect calcium absorption by increasing how much calcium is removed through urine. While this effect is small, it can add up over time.
Fact check: True. Caffeine can increase calcium excretion in urine.

Caffeine acts as a diuretic, which can increase calcium excretion in urine. This loss can become significant over time, especially with high caffeine intake.

Source: “Effects of caffeine on bone and the calcium economy” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12204390/

Claim: Studies suggest a loss of about 6 mg of calcium per 100 mg of caffeine.
Fact check: True. Studies indicate a small loss of calcium due to caffeine intake.

Research indicates a loss of about 6 mg of calcium per 100 mg of caffeine due to increased urinary calcium excretion, though the exact amount can vary depending on individual factors.

Source: “Effects of caffeine on bone and the calcium economy” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12204390/

Claim: Regular coffee drinkers might develop a tolerance to caffeine, potentially lessening its effect on calcium loss.
Fact check: Potentially True. Tolerance to some caffeine effects can develop with habitual use, but its impact on calcium loss is still being researched.

Tolerance to the stimulating effects of caffeine can develop with regular consumption. While some studies suggest this may affect calcium loss, more research is needed to fully understand the relationship.

Claim: One study on postmenopausal women showed that those who consumed more than 300 mg of caffeine daily had lower bone density. However, this was primarily seen in women who also had low calcium intake.
Fact check: True. The study found higher caffeine and low calcium intake as being related to lower bone density in postmenopausal women.

A study showed an association between high caffeine intake (over 300mg) and lower bone density in postmenopausal women, especially when combined with low calcium intake, but the nature of the relationship is complex.

Source: “Caffeine regulates both osteoclast and osteoblast differentiation via the AKT, NF-κB, and MAPK pathways” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11208461/

Claim: The timing of caffeine and calcium intake can optimize absorption. Caffeine’s effects on calcium last several hours, so experts recommend waiting at least an hour between consuming caffeine and calcium-rich foods.
Fact check: True. Timing of caffeine and calcium intake can impact absorption. Waiting at least an hour is recommended.

Caffeine can inhibit calcium absorption. The effect of caffeine on calcium absorption lasts several hours and experts recommend waiting at least one hour after caffeine consumption to intake calcium-rich foods or supplements for better absorption.

Claim: The body absorbs calcium more efficiently when taken in smaller doses throughout the day. Large amounts at once are less effective.
Fact check: True. Calcium is better absorbed in smaller doses.

Calcium absorption is maximized when taken in smaller doses spaced throughout the day, as opposed to large amounts at once.

Claim: The FDA suggests limiting intake to 400 mg per day, which is about 4-5 cups of coffee.
Fact check: True. The FDA has set an upper limit of 400mg per day.

The FDA recommends adults limit daily caffeine intake to 400 mg. This is equivalent to about 4-5 cups of coffee, though this can vary based on the coffee’s strength and size.

Claim: Pregnant women should consult their doctors about appropriate caffeine levels.
Fact check: True. Pregnant women should seek guidance from their doctor about caffeine intake.

Due to potential risks to the fetus, pregnant women should consult with their healthcare providers regarding safe levels of caffeine consumption during pregnancy.

Claim: Calcium recommendations vary by age and gender. Adults generally need between 1000-1200 mg daily.
Fact check: True. Calcium recommendations vary and adults need between 1000-1200mg daily.

Recommended calcium intake varies by age, gender, and life stage. For adults, the recommended daily intake is 1000-1200 mg.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Most pregnant women need between 1000-1300 mg of calcium daily.
Fact check: True. Calcium needs increase during pregnancy.

Calcium requirements are elevated during pregnancy to support fetal bone development. Most pregnant women need 1000-1300 mg of calcium daily.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Caffeine crosses the placenta and enters breast milk.
Fact check: True. Caffeine can cross the placenta and enter breast milk.

Caffeine can pass through the placenta during pregnancy and can also enter breast milk, which is why pregnant and breastfeeding women are advised to limit caffeine intake.

Claim: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends no more than 200 mg of caffeine per day.
Fact check: True. ACOG recommends no more than 200 mg of caffeine daily for pregnant women.

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists recommends that pregnant women limit their daily caffeine intake to no more than 200 mg.

Source: “ACOG CommitteeOpinion No. 462: Moderate caffeine consumption during pregnancy” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20664420/

Claim: After age 50, both men and women require more calcium. This higher need comes alongside decreased absorption efficiency. Older adults should aim for 1200 mg of calcium daily.
Fact check: True. Calcium needs increase after age 50 and absorption efficiency can decrease.

Calcium requirements increase for adults over 50 due to decreased absorption efficiency. Recommended daily intake is typically 1200 mg for both men and women in this age group.

Source: “Modern India and Dietary Calcium Deficiency—Half a Century Nutrition Data—Retrospect–Introspect and the Road Ahead” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8056136/

Claim: Common types of calcium supplements include calcium carbonate and calcium citrate.
Fact check: True. Calcium carbonate and calcium citrate are common types of supplements.

Calcium carbonate and calcium citrate are common over-the-counter calcium supplements with differences in absorption and cost.

Claim: Calcium carbonate is less expensive, but requires stomach acid for absorption. Calcium citrate is more easily absorbed, but usually costs more.
Fact check: True. Calcium carbonate needs stomach acid, calcium citrate is more readily absorbed.

Calcium carbonate requires stomach acid for proper absorption, whereas calcium citrate is absorbed more easily and is often the preferred choice, especially for people with lower stomach acidity, despite usually being more costly.

Claim: Potential side effects of calcium supplements include constipation and bloating.
Fact check: True. Calcium supplements can cause constipation and bloating.

Common side effects of calcium supplements can include gastrointestinal symptoms such as constipation, bloating, and gas.

Claim: Wait at least an hour after drinking coffee before taking calcium supplements.
Fact check: True. It is best to wait at least an hour between taking caffeine and calcium.

To minimize the impact of caffeine on calcium absorption, waiting at least an hour between consuming caffeine and taking calcium supplements is generally recommended.

Claim: Decaf coffee has a much smaller effect on calcium absorption than regular coffee. However, it may still have a slight impact due to other compounds in coffee.
Fact check: True. Decaf coffee has a smaller impact, but still may inhibit calcium absorption.

Decaffeinated coffee has a lesser impact on calcium absorption compared to regular coffee, but it may still have a slight effect because of other compounds in coffee besides caffeine.

Claim: People with osteoporosis should limit caffeine intake to 300 mg per day or less.
Fact check: True. People with osteoporosis should generally limit caffeine to 300mg per day or less.

Individuals with osteoporosis are generally advised to limit their caffeine intake to 300 mg per day or less, or to consult with their healthcare provider for personalized recommendations.

Claim: Yes, the type of supplement can matter. Calcium citrate is less affected by caffeine than calcium carbonate.
Fact check: True. Calcium citrate is absorbed more readily than calcium carbonate.

The type of calcium supplement can matter when considering caffeine intake. Calcium citrate is generally less affected by caffeine and stomach acid, making it an easier option to absorb compared to calcium carbonate.


Medically reviewed and fact checked

Colors Nutrition does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.