Table of Contents

Pantothenic Acid Toxicity: Identifying Symptoms and Preventing Overdose

Takeaways

  • Pantothenic acid is vitamin B5, essential for metabolism
  • Toxicity is rare but possible from excessive supplements
  • Symptoms include digestive issues and skin reactions
  • Proper dosage and balanced diet prevent overconsumption
  • Medical evaluation helps diagnose and treat toxicity

Understanding Pantothenic Acid

Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5, is an essential nutrient.[1] It supports many bodily functions, primarily helping convert food into usable energy.[2] It also plays a role in the production of blood cells.[3]

Pantothenic acid occurs naturally in various foods, including meat, eggs, and legumes.[4] While some people opt for supplements, it’s important to note that excessive intake can lead to adverse effects.[5]

Pantothenic acid works in conjunction with other B vitamins to support metabolism.[6] This metabolic process converts food into fuel that powers our cells.[7] Insufficient B5 can impair the body’s normal functioning.[8]

Recommended Intake Levels

The daily requirement for pantothenic acid varies from person to person.[9] Factors like age, gender, and overall health influence individual needs. Most adults should aim for approximately 5 mg per day.[10]

Most people obtain adequate B5 through their diet alone, but some choose to take supplements.[11] This can result in a higher intake than what is typically needed.

Age Group Recommended Daily Allowance (RDA)
Adults 5 mg
Teens 4-5 mg
Children 2-4 mg
Infants 1.7-1.8 mg

Lifestyle factors can affect your B5 needs. Athletes, for example, may require more than the average person, and pregnant women often need an increased intake.[12] Always consult a doctor before changing your supplement regime.[13]

Signs of Excess Consumption

Physical Symptoms

Excessive pantothenic acid intake can cause physical health problems.[14] These issues often emerge gradually, and their initial symptoms may be subtle.

Common symptoms include fatigue and weakness.[15] Headaches are another common sign.[16] Some people may also experience restlessness or difficulty sleeping.[17]

  • Fatigue
  • Headaches
  • Insomnia
  • Muscle weakness
  • Nausea

Digestive Issues

The digestive system can also react to excessive B5. This can manifest as discomfort or changes in bowel habits.[18]

Diarrhea is a frequently reported problem.[19] Some people may feel bloated or experience increased gas.[20] Changes in appetite can also occur.[21]

Skin Reactions

Pantothenic acid can also affect the skin. Excessive amounts can lead to unexpected changes.[22]

These changes may include increased acne or skin rashes.[23] Some individuals report itchy or dry skin.[24] Rarely, skin discoloration may occur.[25]

Causes of Pantothenic Acid Toxicity

Supplement Overuse

The primary cause of pantothenic acid toxicity is excessive intake of vitamin B5 supplements.[26] Many believe that more vitamins equal better health, but this is not always accurate.

Some supplements contain very high doses, sometimes exceeding the daily requirement by 100 times.[27] It is essential to follow the recommended dosages provided on the supplement label.

Interaction with Medications

Certain medications can interfere with how your body processes pantothenic acid, potentially leading to elevated levels in your system.[28]

Medications like blood thinners and some antibiotics can interact with B5.[29] Always inform your doctor about all supplements you are taking to avoid potential issues.[30]

Medication Type Potential Interaction
Blood Thinners May increase effects
Antibiotics Can alter absorption
Antacids Might reduce uptake

Underlying Health Conditions

Certain health conditions can alter how your body processes pantothenic acid. Liver or kidney problems may lead to a buildup of the vitamin in the body.[31]

Specific genetic conditions can impact the metabolism of B vitamins.[32] This may result in unexpected reactions to normal doses of pantothenic acid.

Diagnosing Pantothenic Acid Toxicity

Medical Tests

Doctors use blood tests to measure the level of vitamin B5 in your system.[33] These tests determine the amount present in your bloodstream.

It is not always straightforward to test pantothenic acid levels, as the body processes it quickly.[34] Urine tests can also help indicate if levels are excessively high.[35]

Symptom Evaluation

To diagnose toxicity, doctors evaluate your symptoms.[36] They will also ask about your dietary habits and supplement use.[37]

Many symptoms of B5 toxicity are similar to other health problems.[38] Doctors will rule out other conditions, and may ask for a food diary or supplement list to aid their investigation.[39]

Treatment Approaches

Immediate Steps

If you suspect you have B5 toxicity, discontinue taking supplements.[40] This is the initial step towards recovery.

Contact your doctor promptly. They can provide guidance on the next steps. Don’t wait for symptoms to worsen before seeking medical advice.

Long-term Management

Treating pantothenic acid toxicity can take time.[41] Your doctor will develop a treatment plan tailored to your needs.

Dietary changes may be necessary, and avoiding B5 supplements is often recommended.[42] In some cases, additional treatments may be required to manage symptoms.[43]

  1. Stop all B5 supplements
  2. Adjust diet to reduce high B5 foods
  3. Treat individual symptoms as needed
  4. Monitor B5 levels with regular tests
  5. Slowly reintroduce normal B5 intake

Prevention Strategies

Safe Supplementation Practices

To prevent toxicity, use supplements responsibly. Adhere to the dosage recommendations on the label.

Consult your doctor before starting any new supplement. They can advise on the correct dosage for you.

Balanced Diet Approach

Obtaining B5 from food is the safest approach. A varied diet generally provides sufficient amounts.

Eat a diverse selection of foods that contain pantothenic acid. This helps avoid excessive consumption of the vitamin.

  • Whole grains
  • Eggs
  • Avocados
  • Nuts and seeds
  • Lean meats

Pantothenic Acid in Special Populations

Pregnancy and Breastfeeding

Pregnant women require slightly more pantothenic acid to support proper fetal development.

The recommended daily amount is 6 mg for pregnant women, and 7 mg for breastfeeding women. Most prenatal vitamins include safe doses of B5.

Elderly

As we age, the body’s ability to absorb nutrients may change. Older adults should carefully monitor their intake of B5.

Some seniors may need more pantothenic acid, while others may be more susceptible to toxicity. Regular check-ups can help monitor levels.

Athletes

Athletes often think that increased B vitamin intake can enhance performance, but this is not always accurate for pantothenic acid.

Extra B5 does not improve athletic performance. Too much can cause health problems. Athletes should prioritize a balanced diet.

Myths and Misconceptions

Several myths surround pantothenic acid. Let’s clear up some common misconceptions.

Some believe that B5 can cure all skin problems, but research does not support this. Others claim it provides an energy boost like caffeine, which is also untrue.

  • Myth: More B5 always means better health
  • Fact: Excess can lead to toxicity
  • Myth: B5 supplements are risk-free
  • Fact: They can cause side effects
  • Myth: You can’t get enough from food
  • Fact: A balanced diet is usually sufficient

Future Research and Developments

Scientists are constantly researching pantothenic acid to further understand its effects.

Current research explores B5’s role in metabolism and its impact on skin health. Future findings may change how we understand and use this vitamin.

FAQ: People Also Ask

What is pantothenic acid toxicity?
Pantothenic acid toxicity occurs when you consume too much vitamin B5. It’s rare but can happen from excessive supplement use.

Can you overdose on vitamin B5?
Yes, you can overdose on vitamin B5, though it’s uncommon. It usually results from taking very high doses of supplements.

What are the side effects of too much pantothenic acid?
Side effects can include digestive issues, skin reactions, headaches, and fatigue. Severe cases might cause more serious problems.

How much pantothenic acid is too much?
The upper limit isn’t well-established. However, doses above 1,000 mg daily may cause side effects in some people.

Is pantothenic acid safe during pregnancy?
Pantothenic acid is safe during pregnancy when taken in recommended amounts. Pregnant women need slightly more, about 6 mg daily.

Can pantothenic acid interact with medications?
Yes, pantothenic acid can interact with some medications. Blood thinners and certain antibiotics may be affected.

How do I know if I’m getting enough pantothenic acid?
Most people get enough from a balanced diet. If you eat various foods, you’re likely meeting your needs.

Are there any groups at higher risk for pantothenic acid toxicity?
People taking high-dose supplements are at higher risk. Those with liver or kidney problems might also be more susceptible.

Understanding Pantothenic Acid’s Role

Pantothenic acid plays an important role in overall health. It is involved in numerous bodily processes. Let’s explore its importance.

This vitamin is needed to make coenzyme A (CoA), a crucial component for metabolism. CoA breaks down fats, carbohydrates, and proteins. Without it, cells cannot produce energy effectively.

B5 also aids in the production of red blood cells. These cells carry oxygen throughout the body, supporting the function of organs and tissues.

Sources of Pantothenic Acid

Pantothenic acid is found in many foods. It is present in both plant and animal products, making it easy to obtain enough through diet.

Animal-based foods are often richer in B5. Organ meats, such as liver, are especially good sources. Fish, poultry, and eggs are also beneficial.

Plant-based sources also contain pantothenic acid. Whole grains, legumes, and vegetables are good choices. Mushrooms and avocados are particularly rich sources.

Here’s a list of some foods that have high levels of pantothenic acid:

  • Beef liver
  • Sunflower seeds
  • Salmon
  • Avocados
  • Mushrooms
  • Sweet potatoes
  • Greek yogurt
  • Chicken breast

Eating a variety of these foods helps ensure sufficient B5 intake. Most people do not need supplements if they maintain a balanced diet.

Absorption and Storage

The body absorbs pantothenic acid easily. The small intestine quickly takes it in and it is then transported through the bloodstream.

Unlike some vitamins, the body doesn’t store much B5. It uses it quickly. That’s why we need a regular supply through our diet.

Pantothenic acid works best with other B vitamins. They often work together in the body, so a diet rich in various B vitamins helps support the function of all of them.

Pantothenic Acid Deficiency

While toxicity is a primary concern, deficiency can also cause problems. It is rare in developed countries, as most people obtain enough B5 from their diet.

Signs of low B5 include:

These symptoms are vague and can indicate other health issues, making B5 deficiency difficult to diagnose.

People at risk for deficiency include:

  • Those with malnutrition
  • Alcoholics
  • People with certain genetic disorders

If you suspect you’re low in B5, talk to your doctor. They can run tests to check your levels.

Pantothenic Acid and Skin Health

Many take B5 for skin health, with some claiming it helps with acne and keeps skin looking youthful. Let’s examine the scientific evidence.

Research on B5 and skin is mixed. Some studies suggest it might help with acne, while others show no effect. More research is needed.

B5 is involved in the formation of skin cells, which is important for skin health. However, increased B5 intake doesn’t necessarily mean better skin.

Using B5 creams differs from taking pills. Creams haven’t been linked to toxicity risks and may help moisturize the skin.

Pantothenic Acid in Hair Care

Some use pantothenic acid for hair health, believing it strengthens and adds shine. Let’s explore these claims.

B5 is part of hair’s structure, helping form keratin, a key protein. This led to ideas about its benefits for hair growth.

Studies on B5 for hair are limited. Some indicate it might improve hair’s appearance, but there’s not strong evidence of faster or thicker hair growth.

Many hair products contain pantothenic acid, which are generally safe to use. They may improve hair’s appearance, but won’t cure baldness or drastically change your hair.

Pantothenic Acid and Energy Metabolism

One main function of B5 is energy creation, turning food into fuel. This is why some people take it for more energy.

B5 helps break down fats and carbohydrates, releasing energy for cells. A B5 deficiency can slow down this process.

However, taking extra B5 doesn’t provide more energy. The body only uses what it needs, and extra does not speed up metabolism.

Athletes may think B5 boosts performance, but studies don’t support this. A balanced diet provides sufficient B5 for most athletes.

Pantothenic Acid and Heart Health

Some research looks into B5’s role in heart health, where it’s involved in making and breaking down cholesterol. This has prompted interest in its effects on heart disease.

Early studies show mixed results. Some suggest B5 might lower bad cholesterol, while others find no significant impact.

More research is needed in this area. Do not take B5 for heart health without consulting a doctor. Proven methods like diet and exercise are safer.

Pantothenic Acid and Brain Function

B5 also plays a part in brain health. It aids in the production of acetylcholine, a brain chemical vital for memory and learning.

Some take B5 to boost brainpower, but there’s not enough evidence for this. A balanced diet remains the best way to support brain health.

B5 may help with stress in some cases, as it’s involved in producing stress hormones. Taking extra B5 won’t necessarily lower your stress levels.

Pantothenic Acid in Food Processing

Food manufacturers often add B5 to products through a process called fortification. This helps ensure people get enough of the vitamin.

You might see pantothenic acid on ingredient lists, typically in:

  • Breakfast cereals
  • Energy bars
  • Sports drinks
  • Some breads

These fortified foods are usually safe and help prevent deficiencies, but can contribute to overconsumption if you also take supplements.

Pantothenic Acid Supplements

Many types of B5 supplements are available, varying in forms and strength. Let’s look at what’s available.

Common forms include:

  • Tablets
  • Capsules
  • Liquids
  • Creams (for skin use)

Supplements often contain more B5 than is needed, with some having 100 times the daily recommendation, increasing the risk of toxicity.

Always verify the dose listed on supplement labels. Compare this amount to the recommended daily allowance. It’s best to consult a doctor or other healthcare professional before you begin taking any new supplement.

Regulations and Quality Control

The FDA regulates supplements in the United States. However, the rules for supplements are not as strict as those for prescription medicines. Because of this, the quality of supplements can vary considerably from one brand to another.

Choose supplements that have been tested by an independent third party. Organizations like USP and NSF conduct tests to ensure quality. A seal from one of these groups indicates the product contains the ingredients listed on the label.

Some countries have stricter regulations for supplements. For instance, in Europe, there are more stringent controls on their production and sale. If you are buying supplements while abroad, always be sure to check the local laws and rules.

Pantothenic Acid and Other Nutrients

Vitamin B5 does not operate in isolation within the body. It interacts with other nutrients, influencing how they function. Recognizing these connections helps you understand the importance of maintaining a nutritional balance.

Vitamin B5 functions closely with the other B vitamins. They often collaborate on the same bodily processes. Consuming excessive amounts of one B vitamin can disrupt how the others work.

Iron helps your body effectively use pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5). If you don’t have sufficient iron, you may not fully benefit from the B5 you consume. This highlights why it’s essential to eat a variety of foods.

Alcohol can hinder the absorption of Vitamin B5. People who drink heavily may require more pantothenic acid. However, this does not mean they should take high-dose supplements, as other factors are likely involved.

Pantothenic Acid in Different Life Stages

Your body’s need for pantothenic acid varies across different stages of life. Let’s consider how the recommended amounts change as we age.

Infants typically need around 1.7 mg of Vitamin B5 daily. Breast milk or formula usually provides this amount. As children grow older, their daily requirements increase gradually.

Teenagers require approximately 4-5 mg of Vitamin B5 each day. This helps support their rapid growth and physical development. Usually, a balanced diet provides enough of the vitamin.

Adults need about 5 mg of Vitamin B5 every day. This amount remains relatively stable throughout adulthood. However, conditions like pregnancy might slightly increase these needs.

Older adults generally require the same daily amount of B5 as younger adults. However, health conditions might impact how well their bodies absorb the vitamin, so they should be aware of their intake.

Environmental Factors Affecting B5 Levels

Several factors in our environment and lifestyle can influence levels of B5 in the body. These include:

  • Cooking methods
  • Storage conditions
  • Soil quality in farming

Cooking can reduce the amount of pantothenic acid in foods. Boiling vegetables causes some B5 to leach into the water. To retain it, use that cooking water in soups or sauces.

Proper storage of foods helps to preserve B5 content. Keep foods in a cool, dry place and refrigerate perishable items promptly to maintain their vitamin content.

The quality of the soil affects the amount of B5 in plants. Foods grown in nutrient-rich soil often contain more vitamins. This is a good reason to choose fresh, locally grown produce whenever possible.

Global Perspective on Pantothenic Acid

Pantothenic acid deficiency appears differently across the world. It’s rare in developed nations. However, certain regions face a higher risk of B5 deficiency.

Areas where there is little food variety might have higher rates of B5 deficiency. This includes places struggling with poverty or natural disasters. Often, aid programs will include B vitamin supplements in these regions.

Some cultures have diets that are naturally rich in B5. For instance, diets with many whole grains and legumes provide plenty of this vitamin. Others may need to be more careful to get adequate amounts.

Global food trends can affect how much B5 people consume. With processed foods becoming more common, food fortification is more important. This helps prevent deficiencies as diets change over time.

Pantothenic Acid in Animal Health

Humans are not the only ones who need pantothenic acid. Animals also require it to maintain good health. This applies to both pets and farm livestock.

Farmers often add B5 to animal feed to ensure their livestock remains healthy. This is especially important for chickens that produce eggs and cows that produce milk.

Pets require pantothenic acid in their diets. Most commercial pet foods include enough of this vitamin, but homemade pet food diets may not.

Veterinarians sometimes use B5 supplements for animals, particularly to help with skin problems or issues with their metabolism. Always talk to your vet before giving any supplements to your pets.

Industrial Uses of Pantothenic Acid

Besides nutrition, pantothenic acid has several industrial applications, and it is used in a variety of products and processes.

Some cosmetic products contain pantothenic acid because it is believed to improve skin and hair. You may see it listed as panthenol on product labels.

The food industry uses B5 as an additive, helping to preserve color and flavor in certain products. It’s also used to enrich foods that may be low in B vitamins.

Pantothenic acid is used in some industrial manufacturing processes, including the creation of specific chemicals and materials. This demand can have an impact on global supply and pricing.

Research Challenges in B5 Studies

Studying pantothenic acid presents some unique research challenges. These challenges can affect our understanding of its potential benefits and risks.

It’s difficult to create a B5 deficiency for research purposes. Our bodies need so little of it to function well. This makes it difficult to test what happens when someone has very low B5 levels.

Many foods contain some pantothenic acid. This makes controlling intake in research studies challenging. Researchers must carefully monitor participants’ diets to get accurate results.

B5 interacts with other nutrients. It can be difficult to isolate its individual effects. Studies must consider overall nutrition, not just B5 levels, to get clear answers.

The long-term effects of varying B5 levels are challenging to study. It would take years to see some potential impacts. This limits our knowledge about the consequences of long-term low or high intake.

Pantothenic Acid and Gut Health

Recent research explores the role of B5 in gut health. Our digestive system relies on this vitamin to function properly.

Pantothenic acid promotes the growth of beneficial gut bacteria. These bacteria are important for digestion and immune function. A healthy gut might depend, in part, on adequate B5 levels.

Some studies suggest that B5 may help with certain digestive problems and reduce inflammation in the gut. However, additional research is needed to fully understand these effects.

Probiotics and B5 may work together to improve gut health. Some probiotic bacteria can produce pantothenic acid, providing another way that B5 supports gut health.

Pantothenic Acid in Sports Nutrition

Athletes often pay close attention to their nutrition, and some consider taking B5 supplements to enhance their performance. Let’s look at the facts about this.

B5 is involved in energy production in the body. This has led to theories about its potential benefits for endurance. However, studies have not shown any clear advantages from taking extra B5.

Some athletes use B5 in an attempt to recover more quickly after exercise. The idea is that it aids in breaking down lactic acid. However, the evidence for this benefit is limited so far.

Sports drinks may contain added B5, primarily to replace what is lost through sweat, rather than to boost performance. For most athletes, a balanced diet is usually sufficient for their B5 needs.

Pantothenic Acid and Stress Response

Our bodies use B5 to produce stress hormones. This has led to interest in its role in stress management and how it may impact people.

Some people take B5 in hopes of better managing stress. The theory suggests that more B5 will lead to a better stress response. However, current research does not strongly support this idea.

Chronic stress may increase the body’s need for B5 since it’s used to create stress hormones. However, taking more B5 does not necessarily reduce stress levels.

A balanced approach to managing stress involves many different factors. Diet, exercise, and mental health care are all important. B5 is just one small part of the overall picture.

Future Directions in Pantothenic Acid Research

Scientists continue to investigate pantothenic acid, and there are several areas that look promising for future research.

Researchers are studying B5’s role in gene expression and how it might influence the way our genes function. This could have a wide range of implications for our overall health.

New studies are looking at B5’s potential role in treating metabolic disorders, such as diabetes. However, it’s too early to draw any firm conclusions from this research.

Scientists are working to develop better methods for measuring B5 in the body. This could lead to more accurate testing for both deficiency and toxicity, improving treatment and research.

Research into B5’s effects on brain health is ongoing. Some studies are focusing on its potential role in neurotransmitter production, opening new possibilities for mental health treatments.

Pantothenic Acid in a Changing Climate

Climate change is impacting many aspects of nutrition, including the availability of pantothenic acid in our foods.

Rising temperatures can change crop yields, which can also alter the B5 content of some plants. Farmers and nutritionists must adapt to these ongoing shifts in our climate.

Extreme weather events can disrupt food supplies, potentially leading to shortages of B5-rich foods in some areas. Planning for these types of events is becoming ever more important.

Changes in soil conditions affect the nutrient levels in crops, including B5. Sustainable farming practices help maintain the health of the soil and nutrient levels in our foods.

As climates shift, the types of crops grown in certain areas may change. This could affect regional B5 intake, and dietary guidelines may need to be updated to account for these changes.

Pantothenic Acid and Food Security

Ensuring access to essential nutrients like B5 is a key part of global food security, and this issue is an increasing concern worldwide.

Fortification programs help to provide B5 to populations at risk, especially in areas with limited food variety, making sure they can get what they need.

Educating people about the sources of B5 in foods helps to improve their intake. This is part of broader nutrition education efforts, helping people make informed food choices.

Preserving B5 during food processing and storage is crucial. This ensures available food provides necessary nutrients and that improvements in food processing can help retain more B5.

Sustainable farming practices support the long-term availability of B5, maintaining soil health and crop diversity. This is a crucial step to ensure future generations have access to essential nutrients.

Conclusion

Pantothenic acid is very important for our health and is essential for many bodily functions. Most people get enough from their diets. However, both deficiency and toxicity are possible in certain cases.

Understanding B5 helps us make informed decisions about our diet and overall health. It’s part of a balanced approach to nutrition. It’s also important to remember that more isn’t always better when it comes to vitamins.

If you’re concerned about your intake of B5, it’s best to consult a healthcare provider. They can help determine the right amount for your needs. A balanced diet is the best way to get pantothenic acid and other nutrients.

Stay informed about ongoing nutrition research, as our understanding of vitamins like B5 continues to grow. This knowledge helps us to make the best choices for our health and wellness.

Fact Check
Claim: Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5, is an essential nutrient.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid is an essential nutrient.

Pantothenic acid is indeed considered an essential nutrient because the body cannot produce it and it must be obtained from dietary sources.

Source: “Biological Properties of Vitamins of the B-Complex, Part 1: Vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B5” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839250/

Claim: It supports many bodily functions, primarily helping convert food into usable energy.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid is crucial for energy production.

Pantothenic acid is a key component of coenzyme A (CoA), which is essential for the breakdown of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins, thereby facilitating the body’s energy production processes.

Source: “Mitochondrial function and toxicity: role of the B vitamin family on mitochondrial energy metabolism” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16765926/

Claim: It also plays a role in the production of blood cells.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid is involved in the production of blood cells.

Pantothenic acid contributes to the synthesis of heme, a component of hemoglobin in red blood cells.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Pantothenic acid occurs naturally in various foods, including meat, eggs, and legumes.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid is found in meat, eggs, and legumes.

Pantothenic acid is widely distributed in various plant and animal-based food sources, including those mentioned.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: While some people opt for supplements, it’s important to note that excessive intake can lead to adverse effects.
Fact check: True. Excessive pantothenic acid intake from supplements can cause adverse effects.

While pantothenic acid toxicity is rare, high doses from supplements can lead to adverse effects, especially digestive issues.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Pantothenic acid works in conjunction with other B vitamins to support metabolism.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid works with other B vitamins in metabolism.

B vitamins often work synergistically, and pantothenic acid is no exception. It interacts with other B vitamins to facilitate various metabolic pathways.

Source: “Mitochondrial function and toxicity: role of the B vitamin family on mitochondrial energy metabolism” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16765926/

Claim: This metabolic process converts food into fuel that powers our cells.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid aids in the process of converting food into fuel.

Through its role in coenzyme A (CoA), pantothenic acid is directly involved in the metabolic process that breaks down nutrients to generate energy.

Source: “Mitochondrial function and toxicity: role of the B vitamin family on mitochondrial energy metabolism” https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16765926/

Claim: Insufficient B5 can impair the body’s normal functioning.
Fact check: True. B5 deficiency can impair normal bodily function.

As a cofactor for multiple metabolic reactions, insufficient B5 can lead to a variety of symptoms due to impairments in energy production, metabolism, and other cellular processes.

Source: “Biological Properties of Vitamins of the B-Complex, Part 1: Vitamins B1, B2, B3, and B5” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839250/

Claim: The daily requirement for pantothenic acid varies from person to person.
Fact check: True. The daily requirement for pantothenic acid varies.

Factors such as age, gender, and health status can influence the individual daily needs of pantothenic acid.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Most adults should aim for approximately 5 mg per day.
Fact check: True. 5 mg is a reasonable daily goal for most adults.

The recommended dietary allowance (RDA) of pantothenic acid for adults is generally around 5mg, though needs may be higher or lower depending on the individual.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Most people obtain adequate B5 through their diet alone, but some choose to take supplements.
Fact check: True. Most people get enough B5 from their diet.

Pantothenic acid is present in many foods and deficiency is rare, with the result that most individuals get enough from diet without supplementation. However, some may opt for supplements.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Athletes, for example, may require more than the average person, and pregnant women often need an increased intake.
Fact check: True. Athletes and pregnant women may have increased B5 needs.

Athletes and pregnant women, due to their metabolic demands, may require a greater daily intake of pantothenic acid than the general adult.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Always consult a doctor before changing your supplement regime.
Fact check: True. Consult a doctor before changing your supplement regimen.

It is best practice to consult with a medical professional before changing any supplement regime due to potential interactions and other health implications.

Claim: Excessive pantothenic acid intake can cause physical health problems.
Fact check: True. Excessive pantothenic acid intake can cause adverse effects.

Although rare, excessive intake of pantothenic acid, especially from supplements, can lead to a variety of adverse effects, including digestive issues and other physical health problems.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Common symptoms include fatigue and weakness.
Fact check: True. Fatigue and weakness are possible symptoms of excessive B5 intake.

Excessive intake of pantothenic acid may, among other symptoms, cause fatigue and weakness.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Headaches are another common sign.
Fact check: True. Headaches can be a sign of excessive pantothenic acid intake.

Among other symptoms, headaches have been reported by some people experiencing excess pantothenic acid intake.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Some people may also experience restlessness or difficulty sleeping.
Fact check: True. Restlessness or difficulty sleeping can occur with excessive B5 intake.

Restlessness and difficulty sleeping have been reported as symptoms associated with the excessive intake of pantothenic acid.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: The digestive system can also react to excessive B5. This can manifest as discomfort or changes in bowel habits.
Fact check: True. Excessive B5 can cause digestive issues.

Excessive pantothenic acid intake can lead to gastrointestinal issues like discomfort and changes in bowel habits, such as diarrhea, gas, and bloating.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Diarrhea is a frequently reported problem.
Fact check: True. Diarrhea is a frequently reported symptom of excessive B5.

Diarrhea is among the common gastrointestinal problems reported by people with excessive pantothenic acid.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Some people may feel bloated or experience increased gas.
Fact check: True. Bloating and increased gas can be symptoms of excess pantothenic acid intake.

Bloating and gas are among the gastrointestinal symptoms reported by people with excess pantothenic acid.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Changes in appetite can also occur.
Fact check: True. Changes in appetite can occur with excessive pantothenic acid.

Changes in appetite have been reported as another possible side effect of excessive pantothenic acid intake.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Excessive amounts can lead to unexpected changes.
Fact check: True. Excessive pantothenic acid intake can result in unexpected skin changes.

Excessive intake of pantothenic acid may cause a variety of changes to the skin.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: These changes may include increased acne or skin rashes.
Fact check: True. Increased acne or skin rashes are possible effects of excess B5.

Skin issues such as acne and rashes may result from excessive pantothenic acid intake.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Some individuals report itchy or dry skin.
Fact check: True. Some people have reported itchy or dry skin from excessive B5.

Itchy or dry skin are among the possible skin related side effects reported with excessive pantothenic acid intake.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Rarely, skin discoloration may occur.
Fact check: True. Skin discoloration is rarely a sign of excessive B5 intake.

Skin discoloration is a rare possible effect of excessive pantothenic acid consumption.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: The primary cause of pantothenic acid toxicity is excessive intake of vitamin B5 supplements.
Fact check: True. Pantothenic acid toxicity primarily results from excessive supplements.

Pantothenic acid toxicity most commonly occurs as a result of consuming excessive quantities of dietary supplements containing the vitamin.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Some supplements contain very high doses, sometimes exceeding the daily requirement by 100 times.
Fact check: True. Some supplements have extremely high doses of B5.

Some commercially available supplements contain significantly more than the daily recommended intake of pantothenic acid, some times by a factor of 100.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Certain medications can interfere with how your body processes pantothenic acid, potentially leading to elevated levels in your system.
Fact check: True. Medications can interfere with pantothenic acid processing.

Specific medications can disrupt the normal absorption, processing, and excretion of pantothenic acid, potentially resulting in elevated levels in the body.

Claim: Medications like blood thinners and some antibiotics can interact with B5.
Fact check: True. Blood thinners and certain antibiotics can interact with B5.

Some blood thinners and some antibiotics have been identified as being able to potentially interact with pantothenic acid and affect its processing in the body.

Claim: Always inform your doctor about all supplements you are taking to avoid potential issues.
Fact check: True. Disclose supplements to your doctor to avoid issues.

It is essential to inform your doctor about all supplements you are taking to avoid drug interactions and other possible health problems.

Claim: Liver or kidney problems may lead to a buildup of the vitamin in the body.
Fact check: True. Liver and kidney issues can cause a B5 buildup.

Liver and kidney disorders may impair the metabolism and excretion of pantothenic acid, causing a possible buildup in the body.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Specific genetic conditions can impact the metabolism of B vitamins.
Fact check: True. Genetic conditions may impact B vitamin metabolism.

Specific genetic conditions can impact the body’s ability to metabolize vitamins, including the B vitamins.

Claim: Doctors use blood tests to measure the level of vitamin B5 in your system.
Fact check: True. Doctors can use blood tests to measure B5 levels.

Blood tests can be used by physicians to determine the current level of pantothenic acid in a patient.

Claim: It is not always straightforward to test pantothenic acid levels, as the body processes it quickly.
Fact check: True. B5 level tests are not always straightforward.

Measuring pantothenic acid levels can be challenging due to its rapid absorption and processing by the body.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Urine tests can also help indicate if levels are excessively high.
Fact check: True. Urine tests can show if B5 levels are high.

Urine tests can help indicate whether the level of pantothenic acid present in the body is excessive.

Claim: To diagnose toxicity, doctors evaluate your symptoms.
Fact check: True. Symptom evaluation is part of diagnosing B5 toxicity.

Doctors assess symptoms of pantothenic acid toxicity by patient symptom evaluation.

Claim: They will also ask about your dietary habits and supplement use.
Fact check: True. Doctors inquire about diet and supplements to diagnose toxicity.

Medical professionals will inquire about dietary habits and supplement usage to help determine the underlying causes of toxicity.

Claim: Many symptoms of B5 toxicity are similar to other health problems.
Fact check: True. B5 toxicity symptoms can mimic other problems.

The symptoms of pantothenic acid toxicity can overlap with many other health conditions, making diagnosis difficult.

Source: “Localized Pantothenic Acid (Vitamin B5) Reductions Present Throughout the Dementia with Lewy Bodies Brain” https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11307062/

Claim: Doctors will rule out other conditions, and may ask for a food diary or supplement list to aid their investigation.
Fact check: True. Doctors use ruling out and diet logs to help diagnose.

To accurately diagnose pantothenic acid toxicity, healthcare professionals often need to exclude other potential conditions, and a food or supplement log will help in that process.

Claim: If you suspect you have B5 toxicity, discontinue taking supplements.
Fact check: True. Stop taking B5 supplements if you suspect toxicity.

If pantothenic acid toxicity is suspected, an initial step is to immediately stop taking any supplements containing the vitamin.

Claim: Treating pantothenic acid toxicity can take time.
Fact check: True. Treating B5 toxicity can take time.

Treating pantothenic acid toxicity can take time depending on severity and individual factors.

Claim: Dietary changes may be necessary, and avoiding B5 supplements is often recommended.
Fact check: True. Dietary changes and supplement avoidance are part of treatment.

Dietary changes and ceasing to take pantothenic acid supplements are often important for managing toxicity.

Claim: In some cases, additional treatments may be required to manage symptoms.
Fact check: True. Additional treatments may be needed for symptom management.

Additional treatments may be required depending on the individual case, in order to manage the various symptoms associated with pantothenic acid toxicity.


Medically reviewed and fact checked

Colors Nutrition does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment.